Primary glomerulonephritis as a cause of non-systemic immunological diseases

Abstract

Introduction: Primary glomerulonephritis is restricted to the kidney, with an immunological basis, they are diagnosed, classified, and treated thanks to renal puncture biopsy, it is necessary to establish them as a differential diagnosis of secondary glomerulonephritis.

Objectives: To know the most frequent types of primary glomerulonephritis at the Hospital de Clínicas. To evaluate the form of clinical presentation and the clinical-pathological correlation of primary glomerulonephritis at the Hospital de Clínicas and to determine the more common biopsy indications, and the frequency and type of complications of kidney biopsy puncture.

Patients and methods: Retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study, 38 records of renal biopsies performed at the Hospital de Clínicas in patients over sixteen years of age were reviewed, from October 2014 to August 2015. The following were evaluated: age, sex, the indication for the biopsy, and complications. In addition: creatinine, creatinine clearance, and anatomopathological determination.

Results: Primary glomerulonephritis represents 42% of all biopsies performed. 38 were primary glomerulonephritis. The patient’s mean age was 35.3 ± 14.6 years, and 62% were female. 75% had arterial hypertension, mean creatinine was 2.1 mg/dL, and clearance was 80.6±34.6 mL/min (median: 89.5 mL/min; range: 5-130 mL/min). The more common indica tion was nephrotic syndrome (NS) 69%. 75% did not present complications, the most frequent diagnosis was membranous-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) 37% followed by membranous nephropathy (GNM) 25%.

Conclusion: Nephrotic syndrome was the most frequent presentation and clinical indication for PBR. The most common types of primary glomerulonephritis were membranoprolife-rative glomerulonephritis (37%) and membranous glomerulonephritis (25%). PBR is a safe diagnostic method.