Síndrome de Sjögren: identificación de nuevos biomarcadores y mecanismos moleculares implicados en su fisiopatogénesis

Palabras clave: Síndrome de Sjögren, Xerostomía, Biomarcadores, Fisiopatología, Genética, Linfocitos B, Autoanticuerpos, Autoinmunidad

Resumen

El Síndrome de Sjögren (SS) es una enfermedad autoinmune de carácter sistémico, que afecta principalmente al sistema glandular exocrino, generando un funcionamiento anormal de las glándulas lacrimales y salivales.

Objetivo: proporcionar una actualización sobre la identificación de nuevos biomarcadores y mecanismos moleculares implicados en la fisiopatogénesis del SS.

Método:  Revisión narrativa de la literatura en diferentes bases de datos, mediante la búsqueda de términos descritos incluidos en los tesauros MESH y DeCs, para artículos publicados a partir del año 2018.

Resultados: presentamos evidencia que destaca la identificación de nuevos biomarcadores y mecanismos implicados en la fisiopatogénesis del SS, describiendo las vías de: linfocitos B, catepsina S, cistatina C, quimioquina C-X3-C modificada de ligando 1, quimiocina regulada por activación del timo,  células T, proteína morfogenética ósea 6, estimulación del receptor de oxitocina, receptor de zinc, calponina-3.

Conclusión: los avances en la tecnología facilita el análisis detallado de la genética y fisiopatogénesis del SS, impulsando el desarrollo de terapias específicas. La búsqueda de biomarcadores no invasivos responde a las limitaciones de los métodos existentes y la invasividad de las biopsias salivales, prometiendo mejoras diagnósticas y terapéuticas

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Citas

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Publicado
2024-06-21
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Vergara Serpa OV, Sierra Ochoa O, Espitia Muñoz VC, Ordosgoitia Dickson LF, García JP, Diaz Suarez ED, Daza Arnedo R, Vázquez Jiménez LC, Rico Fontalvo J. Síndrome de Sjögren: identificación de nuevos biomarcadores y mecanismos moleculares implicados en su fisiopatogénesis. Rev. parag. reumatol. [Internet]. 21 de junio de 2024 [citado 11 de noviembre de 2024];10(1):22-9. Disponible en: http://www.revista.spr.org.py/index.php/spr/article/view/204
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